Google’s algorithm is a complex system used to retrieve data from its search index and instantly deliver the most relevant results. It considers hundreds of ranking factors like keywords, site speed, mobile-friendliness, backlinks, and content quality. Machine learning and AI, like RankBrain, help improve how results match user intent. The algorithm is updated regularly with major updates like Panda, Penguin, and Helpful Content to improve accuracy and fight spam. Its goal is to provide users with fast, reliable, and high-quality answers to their queries.